The scope of testing for needle-punched felts covers a wide range of materials-including chemical fibers, bamboo and wood pulp fibers, glass fibers, wool, staple fibers, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, and aramid-as well as specialized felts designed for waterproofing, filtration, thermal insulation, oil absorption, automotive interiors, construction, and medical applications.
Key testing parameters include physical properties (e.g., thickness, mass per unit area, air permeability), mechanical properties (e.g., tensile strength, tear strength, abrasion resistance), functional indicators (e.g., filtration efficiency, temperature resistance, flame retardancy, electrostatic decay), and chemical safety (e.g., formaldehyde emission, heavy metal content).
Commonly used testing instruments include electronic balances, thickness gauges, universal material testing machines, air permeability testers, friction and wear testing machines, constant temperature and humidity chambers, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) testers.